Unveiling the Unseen: Advanced Techniques in Rare Event Detection Across Multiple Modalities

Rare event detection (RED) is a process where unusual but significant events are identified and analyzed. These events, while infrequent, often carry substantial importance, making their accurate detection crucial across various fields, including security, healthcare, and finance. This paper systematically reviews the techniques and approaches in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) used for detecting these rare events across different data types such as videos, sounds, images, and time series.